Art of attaching heels to shoes



March 15, 1938. A F. L. BRANDT 2,110,948

' ART 0F ATTACHING HEELS To sHoEs Filed Aug. 28, 1936 N N l@ 1 F s z 3 ze I i E?! A 20 i i n z/EV N A .im 66 P b i s; 5

64H h v 72 lgs @a a 4, 26 6 $52/ 2% w? v f 144; al M @VEA/TDR EMM; i; @M @uw Patented Mar. 15, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFieE;

ART 0F ATTACHING HEELS TOl SHQES Application August 28, 1936, Serial No. 9,371

5 Claims.

My invention relates to the attachment of heels to shoes, it particularly involving the securing of the heels by fastenings driven from Within the shoes.

In the heeling of womens shoes, especially those as of the Louis type having sharply curved side-walls, it is diicult to obtain the desired rm connection and a close rand-crease without causing the fastenings to split the heel or to emerge through the side-walls. It is an object of this invention to bring yabout the result sought by a simple manner of heel-attachment, readily accomplished.

A feature of the invention lies in a method of attaching heels to shoes in` which a'fastening, made tubular by the presence of a longitudinal passage within it, is forced through the heelseat of a shoe into a heel positioned on the heelseat and is caused to penetrate said heel-seat and heel and retain within it a portion of the heelmaterial. Since this inner portion is separated from the outer by the wall of the tube, it is not displaced outwardly as the fastening is driven into the heel, and consequently the splitting eiiect upon the heel is greatly reduced. This being true, the diameter ofthe fastening may be relatively great Without danger of causing damage to the heel, and because ofthis large diameter, the security of retention is increased, and

the vretaining effect is carried outwardlytoward the crease, tending to make this closer. The attachment is more effective than that furnished by a plurality of such fastenings as nails. If, however, it is desired to further increase the in tegrity of the connection, a group of nails may be driven through the heel-seatinto the heel outside the tubular fastening, this operation preferably being performed at a different time from that at which the inner fastening is driven. The

strain upon the Work and upon the driving means is thus reduced.

Another feature of the invention may be found in a shoe having a heel attached in the manner I have just outlined; Here, a tubular fastening extending through the heel-seat portion of the shoe-sole and into a heel thereon has within its tubular portion a portion of the heelmaterial which it divides from the remainder of the heel. This enclosed portion exerts no lateral rupturing thrust upon the body of the heel and by its connection to said body and its frictional engagement with the inner Wall of the tube-passage, offers some resistance to displacement of the heel. The exterior of the fastening preferably has projections to increase the retentive effect. With the tubular fastening, a group of nails driven between it and the side-wall of the heel may or may not be employed.

My'improved manner of heel-attachment and a machine by which the method of effecting the 5 attachment may be performed are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a partial, vertical section taken transversely of the machine;

Fig. 2 is a similar enlarged section through the 10 upper portion of the jack, more particularly showing the shoe-construction, and

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the fastening employed for the attachment, further enlarged and With a portion broken away.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2 of the drawing, there is shown a shoe S, upon the heel-seat portion of a sole s of which is positioned a heel H. Near the longitudinal or heightwise axis of the heel passes a fastening F, which appears in 20 Fig. 3 separated from the heel. The fastening is tubular, having a relatively thin, cylindrical body b through which is a longitudinal passage Z. A' reduced penetrating edge e about one extremity of the passage is adapted to cut its Way through the heel-seat and heel-material when pressure is applied to a head h in the form of a flange encircling the opposite end of the passage. From the body b', preferably beginning near the edge e and extending for a considerable distance toward the head, is a projection, which may be in the form of a continuous helix p. Considering a transverse section of any convolution of this helix, there is a surface a.' lying approximate-ly at right-angles to the axis of the fastening, and dii/erging from this surface is a surface g/ which is inclined inwardly toward the fasteningnend at e. The inclination of the surface y, by forcing aside the material penetrated, facilitates the insertion of the fastening, while the angle of the surface sc, substantially to the direction of movement, oifers a maximum resistance to Withdrawal. As the fastening F enters the work, the edge e cuts out a cylinder m of the material constituting the heel-seat of the shoe and of the heel. This is received in the passage l, resistance to its entrance being reduced by an opening through the head h, this opening permitting the escape of air which would otherwise becompressed bythe entrance of the cylindrical portion m into the fastening-passage. Were the fasten-- ing F solid, the material m would necessarily be thrust laterally upon the entrance of the fastening and would add so much to the expansive or bursting effect upon the heel H. Received Withr1.2 un

in the fastening, however, the heel is entirely shielded from its influence by the surrounding wall of the fastening-body b. When the insertion of the fastening has been completed, with the head h sunk in the heel-seat material, the cylinder m will remain joined to the body of the heel in the plane of the cutting edge e. There fore, the friction between the portion m and the wall of the passage l is added to the retaining effect of the exterior of the fastening-body b and its engaging projection or projections p. This frictional retentive effect exerted within the fastening may be increased by slightly inclining inwardly the inner wall of the cutting edge e. By doing this, a greater area will be included in the heel-portion m, and this will be compressed as the fastening forces it into the remainder of the passage, which is of smaller diameter. Because a fastening F of considerable diameter may be driven without danger of splitting the heel, its periphery will lie closer to the edge of the heel-cup than could that of a solid fastenu ing, and its effect in drawing this edge toward the heel-seat is increased, resulting in a tight crease. If it is desired to add tothe drawing and holding action of the fastening, a group of nails N of any suitable form and number may be driven, these surrounding the fastening F, occupying substantially their customary positions for a nailed heel.

In performing the method of this invention to produce my improved shoe, the fastening F and the nails N, if the latter are employed, may be driven by hand, or a machine may be utilized. An apparatus adapted for this purpose is disclosed in the application in my name for Letters Patent led in the United States Patent Oflice on August 28, 1936, Serial No. 98,372. Of this machine, which is a modification of that disclosed in Letters Patent of the United States No. 2,033,158, Standish, March l0, 1936, there appears a portion of a frame l@ having journaled in it a horizontal driving shaft i2 by which a driver-plunger P isreciprocated vertically in the frame. At the top i of the frame a shoe-supporting jack I4 is mounted, and co-operating with this jack is the usual heel-pressure-abutment I6 carried by side-rods E 8, i8 guided in the frame at opposite sides of the jack. Fluid means (not illustrated) joins the plunger to the heel-abutment in such a manner that the pressure applied by the latter varies with the resistance encountered by the plunger during the driving stroke.

To permit the fastening F and the nails N to be inserted during succeeding portions of an operating cycle, the plunger P is formed in two parts, an outer portion 2E, which is guided for vertical reciprocation in the frame and which is tubular, and an inner portion 22 reciprocating within the outer portion. Upon a sleeve 24 threaded into the upper extremity of the plunger is separably carried .a driver-plate 26, and into this plate is threaded for individual, vertical adjustment a set of outer drivers 2B, each having a lock-nut 3U. This set may be i'lve in number. The inner plunger 22 is threaded at its upper end to receive an inner driver 32, of greater diameter than the drivers 28 to properly support and insert the relatively large fastening F. Upon the driving shaft I2 is a cam consisting of spaced sections 60, B0. The shaft is also sectional, the camsections being carried by the adjacent, spaced ends of the shaft. Joining the inner faces of the cam-sections is an eccentrically placed crank-pin 62. The outer and inner plungers have lower terminal-portions 64 and 66, respectively. The former portion is guided in the frame and is provided with spaced ends to which may be attached wear-plates 68, 68 resting upon the cam-sections 60, 6B. The plunger 20 with its drivers 28 are held down, with the wear-plates urged toward the cam, by an expansion-spring 10 surrounding the body of the plunger and interposed between the terminal-portion 64 and the frame I0. The terminal-portion 66 of the inner plunger 22 is guided within its companion portion 64 and is joined by a connecting rod or link 12 to the crankpin 62. The relation of the crank-pin to the portion of the cam of maximum diameter may be such that it causes the extreme upv/ard movements of the drivers 28 and 32, respectively, substantially 180 apart during the rotation of the driving shaft l2. Therefore, while the drivers 28 are inserting a load of nails the driver 32 is resting, and conversely. By thus successively inserting the fastening F and a group of nails N, the clamping force which must be applied by the heelabutment I6 may be considerably reduced without danger that the upward thrust of the fastenings shall displace the heel. Were this to occur, the nails might not be driven properly, and there might result a gaping crease. Further, the strain upon the machine elements is reduced by this division of the driver-action.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. The method of attaching heels to shoes, which consists in forcing through the heel-seat of a shoe into a h-eel positioned thereon a fastening within which is a longitudinal passage, thereby causing said fastening to penetrate the heelseat and heel and retain within its passage a portion of the heel-material.

2. The method of attaching heels to shoes, which consists in driving through the heel-seat of a shoe into a heel` positioned thereon a tubular fastening, causing said fastening to penetrate the heel-seat and theheel near the longitudinal axis of the latter, said fastening retaining within it a portion of the heel-material, and driving a group of nails through the heel-seat of the shoe into the heel outside the tubular fastening.

3. The method of attaching heels to shoes, which consists in driving through the heel-seat of a shoe into a heel positioned thereon a vtubular fastening, causing said fastening to penetrate the heel-seat and the heel near the longitudinal axis of the latter, said fastening retaining within it a portion of the heel-material, and driving a group of nails through the heel-seat of the shoe into the heel outside the tubular fastening, the tubular fastening and nails being driven at different times.

4. A shoe comprising a sole and a heel attached to the heel-seat-portion of the sole by a tubular fastening extending through the sole into the heel and having within its tubular portion a portion of the heel-material.

5. A shoe comprising a sole and a heel attached to the heel-seat-porton of the sole by a tubular fastening extending through the sole into the heel 

